Statistical
Process Control (SPC) and Quality Control (QC)
The terms Statistical Process Control (SPC) and
Quality Control (QC) are often (erroneously) used to mean the
same thing. Quality Control has traditionally been used to “inspect
in” the quality of a product or process after the product has
been produced. For example sampling goods as they come off the
factory line or chemicals as they come out of a reacting vessel
to identify when processes are not working correctly.
SPC
is a technique where the input parameters in a process are
controlled, as it is these which ultimately control the quality of
the product. For this reason
statistically designed experiments form an important part of any
SPC programme ensuring the key process parameters are identified in
advance and maintained in control using other SPC techniques.
There
is a range of tools used in SPC, nearly all with a foundation in statistics,
which apply an understanding of variation and how it behaves in real
processes. The goal is to keep the variation, which always exists
in processes, within the bounds determined by the demands of our customer.